The invention discloses a process for producing a nickel-containing iron alloy from laterite on a fluidized bed, comprising the following steps of: (1) drying to control the moisture of the laterite to be less than 4%; (2) crushing and screening the dried laterite by a 3mm screen to obtain laterite powder less than 3mm which is used for gas selective reduction of a fluidized bed; (3) preheating: preheating the dried laterite powder in a fluidized bed roaster to a temperature of 700-950 DEG C and supplying the preheated laterite powder for a reduced fluidized bed; (4) selective reduction: reducing the laterite by gas containing 55-90% of CO and H2 in the reduced fluidized bed; and (5) crushing and physically separating the metalized laterite: crushing the reduced laterite into powder less than 100 meshes and then physically separating to obtain the nickel-containing iron alloy. The nickel-containing iron alloy is produced by using gas to reduce the laterite, which replaces expensive electrolytic nickel in smelting of stainless steel, and thereby the production cost of stainless steel is obviously reduced.