The invention relates to a method for forming an aluminum base composite material thin wall part by current self-resistance heating, which belongs to the field of heat processing. The invention aims to solve the problems of poor forming quality of a thin wall part just by heating a blank as well as low heat utilization ratio and great energy consumption by heating the blank together with a die when the stretching formation is carried out on a particle-reinforced aluminum base composite material. The method comprises the following steps of: 1. placing a forming device on a press machine; 2. pressurizing an upper electrode clamping plate, clamping the blank to be formed, switching on a power supply and heating the blank to be formed; 3. measuring temperature in real time by using an infrared thermometer and adjusting an output current parameter of a power supply in real time so that the heating speed of the blank to be formed reaches 5-20 DEG C/s; 4. when the blank to be formed reaches 350-450 DEG C, removing the pressure on the upper electrode clamping plate and pressurizing an edge press ring by the press machine so that the edge press ring compresses the blank to be formed on a lower die; and 5. pressing an upper die for descending and pressing the blank to be formed for forming.