The invention relates to a selective breeding method for disease-resistant superior strains of paralichthys olivaceus, which comprises group selective breeding and family selective breeding of the paralichthys olivaceus and is characterized by also comprising molecular marker-assisted selective breeding, manual gynogenesis selective breeding or inbreeding selective breeding of a disease-resistantparalichthys olivaceus family. Multiple kinds of biotechnology such as group selective breeding, intraspecific hybridization, family selective breeding, molecular marker-assisted selective breeding, manual gynogenesis selective breeding, inbreeding and the like is comprehensively adopted; a selective breeding method for the disease-resistant superior strains of marine fishes in China is established for the first time by taking the paralichthys olivaceus as a material; the superior strains of the paralichthys olivaceus of which the vibrio anguillarum resistance is obviously improved are bred; and the breeding survival rate is improved by 20 to 47 percent and the growth rate is improved by over 20 percent. The method opens up a new technical approach for the selective breeding of the disease-resistant strains of the fishes, is suitable for popularization and application to all cultured fishes, has great significance and application value for breeding the disease-resistant superior strains of the cultured fishes, and can generate great economic and social benefits.