The invention discloses a double planet row-type hydraulic driving series-parallel hybrid electric system, which comprises a front planet row, a rear compound planet row, an input shaft, an output shaft, a hydraulic motor/pump A, a hydraulic motor/pump B, a high pressure power accumulator, a low pressure power accumulator and the like. An output end of the hydraulic motor/pump A is fixedly connected with a front planet row sun gear of the front planet row, and the left end of the input shaft is engaged with an annular gear of the front planet row; the hydraulic motor/pump B and the rear compound planet row are sleeved on the input shaft; a compound planet carrier of the rear compound planet row is fixedly connected with the output shaft; the left end of the large sun gear is fixedly connected with a central shaft of the hydraulic motor/pump B; a high pressure oil port of the hydraulic motor/pump B is connected with the high pressure power accumulator through a pipeline, and a low pressure oil port of the hydraulic motor/pump B is connected with the low pressure power accumulator through a pipeline; a high pressure oil port of the hydraulic motor/pump A is connected with a port B of a hydraulic control one-way valve through a pipeline, and a port A of the hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with the high pressure power accumulator through a pipeline; and a low pressureoil port of the hydraulic motor/pump A is connected with the low pressure power accumulator through a pipeline.