The invention provides new carrier protein for the early diagnosis of tumors and a transmission system of medicaments, namely anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor single-chain antibody-ferritin heavy chain subunit protein, and a construction method and application thereof. In the fusion protein, an anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor is inoculated onto the surface of the ferritin heavy chain subunit protein externally in a method of genetic engineering. In the anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor single-chain antibody-ferritin heavy chain subunit protein, target protein has excellent human epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated tumor cell targeting property, and can be used for targeted imaging reagents and targeted administration carriers.