The invention provides a seed sowing device performance detection apparatus. The apparatus comprises that: a first light source emitter which is provided at a side of a seed sowing area and sends detection light to the seed sowing area; a first seed sowing information acquisition apparatus provided at another side of the seed sowing area, wherein the first seed sowing information acquisition apparatus comprises a plurality of photosensitive diodes which are arranged in a horizontal linear way, projection of the detection light emitted by the first light source emitter formed on the first seed sowing information acquisition apparatus is parallel with an arrangement direction of the photosensitive diodes, and the first seed sowing information acquisition apparatus is used for outputting a first level signal if any photosensitive diode receives the detection light and outputting a second level signal if any photosensitive diode does not receive the detection light; a performance parameter obtaining apparatus, wherein, according to the first level signal and the second level signal, the performance parameter obtaining apparatus calculates an actual time interval of seed falling, and obtains a seed sowing performance parameter according to the time interval, a preset theoretic granule distance and an equivalent forwarding speed. According to the invention, performance detection of a seed sowing device is realized, and the apparatus has the characteristics of a small volume, low cost and simple operation.