The invention provides a low-temperature polisher, comprising a shell body with an open top end, an electromotor, a polishing disk with a taper sleeve, a polishing pad, a sample fixator, a top cover with a thermal insulating layer, wherein the electromotor is fixed at the bottom in the shell, the polishing disk with the taper sleeve is positioned in a work area and fixedly installed on the output shaft of the electromotor, the sample fixator is arranged on the inner wall of the shell body and above the polishing pad, and the top cover is buckled on the shell body. The low-temperature polisher is characterized in that the shell body is composed of a metal inner shell, a thermal insulating layer and a metal outer shell; a temperature sensor, an electric heating device and an electric cooling device are additionally arranged; the temperature sensor is arranged on the side wall of the shell body in the work area; the electric heating device is arranged on the side wall of the the metal inner shell in the work area; the evaporator of the cooling device is arranged in the work area, and a fan is arranged on the metal inner shell adjacent to the evaporator. The low-temperature polisher provided by the invention has the advantages of simple operation and high polish; meanwhile, the scratch resistance of material surface in polishing is improved and the sub-surface damage of material in polishing is reduced.