The invention relates to the technical field of human-machine interaction and provides a human-machine interaction method and a human-machine interaction system based on binocular stereoscopic vision. The human-machine interaction method comprises the following steps: projecting a screen calibration image to a projection plane and acquiring the calibration image on the projection surface for system calibration; projecting an image and transmitting infrared light to the projection plane, wherein the infrared light forms a human hand outline infrared spot after meeting a human hand; acquiring an image with the human hand outline infrared spot on the projection plane and calculating a fingertip coordinate of the human hand according to the system calibration; and converting the fingertip coordinate into a screen coordinate according to the system calibration and executing the operation of a contact corresponding to the screen coordinate. According to the invention, the position and the coordinate of the fingertip are obtained by the system calibration and infrared detection; a user can carry out human-machine interaction more conveniently and quickly on the basis of touch operation of the finger on a general projection plane; no special panels and auxiliary positioning devices are needed on the projection plane; and the human-machine interaction device is simple in and convenient for mounting and using and lower in cost.