The invention discloses a quantitative filling machine of a viscous material. The quantitative filling machine comprises a rack, a revolving seat, a revolving platform and a material cylinder, wherein the circumferential face of the material cylinder is provided with a filling valve; a track which is arranged slantwise is constituted by an upper ring and a lower ring; a piston is controlled to alternately suck the material into a material cavity or press the material in the material out and fill in a bottle by using the track; meanwhile, a sensor is cooperatively used for controlling work of a driving mechanism, so that an ascending passage is opened or closed by a swing rod, thereby communicating a feed port and the material cavity by a feeding passage or communicating a filling port and the material cavity by a filling passage, effectively controlling output of the material and preventing a mistaken filling phenomenon; and thus, inlet and outlet of the material of all filling valves can be simultaneously and effectively controlled by using a piston control device and a switching control device, the quantitative filling machine has a simple structure and is convenient to operate, mount, debug and maintain, the degree of automation of the machine is greatly improved, and the filling efficiency of the material is effectively increased.