The invention discloses a method for breeding regeneration plants by rice dormant buds, and belongs to the technical field of crop seedling. According to the method, rice straws of rice with reciprocal 1 to reciprocal 3 sections of dormant buds are taken to be scattered and planted onto a seedling culture bed, soil is covered, or the rice straws are soaked by plant hormone, then, the rice straws are scattered and planted onto the seedling culture bed, the soil is covered, the seedling culture and the management are carried out according to the conventional seedling culture method, and the seedlings are transplanted to the field after the regeneration seedlings reach 3-leaf to 4-leaf period. The method has the advantages that the effective storage and breeding can be realized for obtaining a large number of special rice materials including female sterile, male sterile and the like, the difficult problem of breeding difficulty of special materials is solved, hybrid F1 can be directly utilized for obtaining a large number of F1 regeneration plants, the rice hybrid seed production cost can be effectively reduced, the breeding period is shortened, and the hybrid advantages can be perfectly maintained. According to the method, the rice overground parts with rice straws with reciprocal 1 to reciprocal 3 sections of dormant buds are adopted, both the regeneration efficiency of the rice straws treated by hormone and the regeneration efficiency of the rice straws which are not treated by hormone are obviously superior to that of rice pile direct regeneration, the method is simple, the implementation is easy, and the popularization and the application are convenient.