The invention provides a production method of titanium oxide-alumina composite. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving soluble aluminum salt into deionized water to obtain solution A; dissolving soluble titanium compound into organic solvent to obtain solution B; preparing ammonium bicarbonate and thick ammonia water into mixed ammonia water solution C; converging the solution A, B and C to form and precipitate mixed liquor to obtain a product D; and washing, filtering, drying and roasting the product D to obtain the titanium oxide-alumina composite. The preparation method is simple in technique, easily available in raw materials, the titanium oxide-alumina composite is large in specific surface area, large in pore volume, and high in mechanical strength. The titanium oxide-alumina composite can be separately used as a catalyst or a catalyst carrier. A hydrodesulfurization catalyst prepared by adopting the titanium oxide-alumina composite as the carrier has the advantages of being high in low-temperature activity and high in hydrodesulfurization rate.