The invention discloses a center floating type chuck. The center floating type chuck comprises a chuck body, a locating unit, a floating clamp unit and a connecting unit. A center hole is formed in the chuck body. The locating unit is matched in the center hole and used for locating centers of workpieces. The floating clamp unit is arranged on the chuck body and comprises a plurality of high jaws capable of carrying out asynchronous movement so as to clamp the workpieces whose centers are located on the locating unit. The connecting unit is respectively connected with the floating clamp unit and a drive device which is used for driving the floating clamp unit. The center floating type chuck has the advantages of clamping the workpieces, reducing locating errors of multiple clamps and the like under the condition of being capable of locating the workpiece centers.