This shaft sealing device and rotary machine equipped therewith are provided with: a sealing body (12) configured by stacking, in the circumferential direction of a rotating shaft (6), a plurality of thin sealing pieces (20) extending from a housing (9) towards the inside of the rotation shaft (6) in the radial direction; and a low-pressure-side side sealing plate (17) which is arranged along the low-pressure side of the sealing body (12) and in which a plate surface (17d) facing the low-pressure side is pressed against the inner wall surface (9e) of the housing (9) by means of the fluid pressure applied from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side, the aforementioned inner wall surface (9e) facing the axis line direction. A protrusion (9f) for blocking the downward flow (9) towards the inside of the low-pressure-side side sealing plate (17) in the radial direction along the low-pressure side of the sealing body (12) is formed on the inside of the low-pressure-side side sealing plate (17) in the radial direction, and a communication path (9g) for guiding, to a low-pressure-side region, the downward flow (d) blocked by means of the protrusion (9f) is formed on the housing (9).