The invention provides a vehicle-mounted variable-focus panorama monitoring system for detail imaging and belongs to the technical field of video monitoring. The system comprises six variable-focus lens groups evenly distributed on the same horizontal circumstance, an infrared illumination module, a vehicle-mounted servo stabilization platform, a video acquisition and processing module and a panorama displaying module, wherein the variable-focus lens groups are fixedly installed on the vehicle-mounted servo stabilization platform for eliminating the disturbance influence suffered by the system finish beam imaging in a view field range, then send images to the video acquisition and processing module to perform real-time splicing processing, send spliced images to the panorama displaying module to be observed by persons in a vehicle, and the video acquisition and processing module controls opening of the infrared illumination module according to an image gray value. On the premise that 360-degree panorama monitoring is met, the vehicle-mounted variable-focus panorama monitoring system for detail imaging can perform high-resolution target recognition through field switching, is not limited by the environment, can achieve day-and-night full-time monitoring and meanwhile can isolate vehicle posture disturbance to finish a panorama monitoring function.