The invention discloses a method for improving room temperature strength and high-temperature performance of Al-Cu-Mg alloy for an aluminum alloy drilling rod. The method comprises the steps that the Al-Cu-Mg alloy is pre-stretched and deformed by 0 percent to eight percent after solution treatment, and then is heated to 160 DEG C to 190 DEG C, heat preservation is carried out on the alloy for four hours to 120 hours, then, the alloy is taken out of a furnace, air cooling is carried out on the alloy, and the content ratio of copper to magnesium in the Al-Cu-Mg alloy is smaller than or equal to five. Through the suitable heat treatment technology, the Al-Cu-Mg alloy is made to obtain a strengthening phase which has the better dispersion and heat stability performance, and therefore compared with the conventional T6 state, the alloy has the better excellent room temperature tensile property, the higher high-temperature tensile strength and residual tensile strength after being thermally exposed for a long time