The invention relates to an electronic control diesel and methanol dual-fuel injection system of a diesel internal combustion engine. The system comprises a diesel supply unit, a methanol supply unit, an ECU (electronic control unit), diesel electronic nozzles and methanol electronic nozzles, wherein a diesel electronic nozzle and a methanol electronic nozzle are arranged in a group; the methanol electronic nozzles are formed in a gas inlet pipe; an electronic injection control lead wire of the diesel electronic nozzle in each group is connected with that of the methanol electronic nozzle in the group in parallel and then is connected with the corresponding electronic injection signal output end of the ECU. According to the dual-fuel injection system, the operations of the diesel electronic nozzles and the methanol electronic nozzles are simultaneously controlled by the ECU, so that methanol and diesel can be reasonably combusted in an existing diesel internal combustion engine; due to the use of the system, methanol can be used for replacing more than 30% of diesel, and meanwhile, the pollutant discharge of the diesel internal combustion engine is reduced by more than 80%.