The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy experiments, in particular to a method and a device for using a rectangular water tank to simulate water flow characteristics and pollutant transfer characteristics of a curved river channel under conditions of different curve angles and different hydrodynamic conditions. The experimental device for simulation of water flows in different curve angles comprises water inlet equipment, an experiment table, a curved channel, water outlet equipment and a color water tank. The water inlet equipment and the water outlet equipment are arranged on the experiment table and connected through the curved channel; the water inlet equipment or the water outlet equipment is capable of simulating water volume to form adjustable hydrodynamic conditions and further simulating quality of water flow in the river channel according to the curved channel, the color water tank is arranged on the water inlet equipment or the water outlet equipment, and tracers are added for tracing pollutants by the aid of the color water tank. The experimental device for simulation of water flows in different curve angles has the advantages that due to the fact that the water inlet equipment and the water outlet equipment are connected through the curved channel, changeability of the curve angles is realized, and accordingly river channels in different curve angles can be simulated.