The invention discloses a breeding method of an anthocyanin-rich black rice thermo-sensitive two-line sterile line and belongs to the technical field of special rice breeding. The method comprises the following steps: taking black rice with the brown rice anthocyanin color value which is more than 20 as a male parent, and taking a thermo-sensitive two-line sterile line as a female parent, and carrying out artificial hybridization; selecting single plants which has the brown rice anthocyanin color value more than 20, stable fertility, low critical temperature, long stable sterile period, thick and strong plant stalks, strong tillering, up-right leaves, small leaf angles and many spike grains in each generation from the generation F2; and finally, breeding to form the anthocyanin-rich black rice thermo-sensitive two-line sterile line. By virtue of the method, the foundation is laid for the assembling of hybrid black rice high-quality seeds which are rich in anthocyanin and have stable yield and high yield. The bred sterile line is used for breeding hybrid black rice varieties so that the bred hybrid black rice has good plant shape, high yield and stable yield; and the brown rice has bright color and luster, is dull black and is rich in anthocyanin, and has advantages of hybrids.