The invention provides a method for performing segmentation processing and display for image data based on FPGA. The method comprises steps of determining size of images after FPGA segmentation according to pixel data of one frame of taken image and DSP maximum data processing ability; equally segmenting line signals of original images into several small lines and then sending the small lines to a DSP by use of a FPGA internal memory; carrying out ISP processing via the DSP; and transmitting the small lines to a PC for image splicing and displaying and outputting a complete image going through the ISP processing. The method is applicable for processing all sizes of images highly flexibly and is provided with high instantaneity; the DSP is allowed to be cable to process big images exceeding its maximum processing ability without external memory devices, so cost is greatly reduced and complexity of operation, control and maintenance of the whole image processing system is reduced.