The invention relates to a method for selecting a key frame from wireless distributed video coding for a mine in real time. The method comprises the following steps: establishing an incremental changing curve of inter-frame features; acquiring a video sequence and extracting global features and local features of an image; adopting color features of the image as the index for measuring the global features of the image; adopting feature points as the local features of the image; calculating the similarity of comprehensive features of the image according to the global features and the local features of the image; establishing an inter-frame feature difference incremental change curve according to the similarity of the comprehensive features of the image; drawing the image inter-frame feature difference incremental change curve by taking frame numbers as an abscissa and taking an accumulated value of the similarity of inter-frame comprehensive features of the image as an ordinate; using a real-time key frame selecting algorithm to realize rapid self-adaptive key frame selection after obtaining the inter-frame feature difference incremental change curve. According to the method, monitoring image content dynamic change can be reflected rapidly with low complexity, and the problem about real-time selection of the key frame from the wireless distributed video coding for the mine is effectively solved.