The invention discloses a wind-energy and luminous energy complementation water surface robot. The robot comprises an electric boat, solar cell panels used for collecting solar energy and converting the solar energy into electric energy are laid flatly on the upper surface of the electric boat, and a propeller used for driving the electric boat to advance is fixedly arranged at each outer side of the electric boat; a semi-annular support frame is fixedly arranged in the middle of the electric boat, and a wind driven generator is hung on the semi-annular support frame; the solar cell panels and the output end of the wind driven generator are connected with a lithium battery through a wind-energy and luminous energy complementation controller and charge the lithium battery, and the output end of the lithium battery is connected with the propellers through a multiway-switch power source and supplies power to the propellers; the electric boat is provided with a detection obstacle-avoidance device and an anchoring device, and an autonomous navigation control system and a water quality testing meter used for testing the water quality are arranged inside the electric boat. According to the water surface robot, the wind energy and luminous energy complementation is adopted for providing energy for the water surface robot, so that the robot can be subjected to all weather operations without being affected by the overcast and rainy weather, the automatic obstacle avoidance and autonomous navigation can be achieved, the detection efficiency is improved, and the cost is lowered.