The invention discloses an indoor intelligent patrol robot system based on an H-shaped combined rail. The system comprises a combined rail and a robot body; the robot body comprises a driving system, a detecting module, a holder, a synchronous belt system, a mobile platform and a control system, wherein the holder is fixed at the upper end of the mobile platform; the detecting module is fixed on the holder; the synchronous belt system is fixedly connected with the combined rail; the driving system is fixed on the mobile platform; the mobile platform is placed on the combined rail; and the driving system provides power to enable a robot to move along the combined rail. The combined rail is a wall-mounted combined rail, so that the position transfer in two or more vertical planes can be realized; the combined mode satisfies various and complex detecting requirements in the detection of indoor equipment; and a horizontal rail or a vertical rail can be singly taken out to independently build a system for detecting the robot system according to actual detecting demands.