The invention discloses a vehicle power automatic loading method and system for calculating the response of a highway bridge damper, and relates to the field of vehicle power automatic loading. The method comprises the following steps: adopting a concentrated force loading mode to replace a uniformly distributed loading mode adopted by a first-class highway in the current JTGD60-2004 version of General Specifications for Design of Highway Bridges and Culverts, wherein data involved in the concentrated force loading mode are as follows: the loading weight of a single vehicle is 200 kN, the front axle P1 of the vehicle is equal to 70 kN, the rear axle P2 of the vehicle is equal to 130 kN, the front-rear wheel distance D1 of the vehicle is equal to 4 m, and the distance D2 between a leading vehicle and a following vehicle is larger than or equal to 15 m; confirming the most unfavorable vehicle dynamic marshalling mode, and realizing vehicle loading conversion from a static force mode to a dynamic force mode and non-linear dynamic calculation of the response the highway bridge damper. Through adoption of the method and system, the vehicle non-linear dynamic calculation of the response the highway bridge damper can be realized, the operation process is simplified, and the production efficiency is effectively improved.