The invention relates to a high-heat conduction graphite foam/carbon composite material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: using mesophase pitch as a precursor to prepare high-heat conductivity graphite foam used as an enhancement matrix; densifying the graphite foam enhancement matrix through a middle-high pressure impregnation/carbonization technology with the mesophase pitch or coal tar pitch as a matrix carbon precursor; and graphitizing the obtained material at a high temperature of 2500DEG C or above to obtain the high-heat conduction graphite foam/carbon composite material with the density of 1.3g/cm<3> or above, the heat conductivity being greater than 300W/m.K and the compressive strength reaching 9MPa or above. The heat conductivity of the composite material is 2 or above times that of a graphite foam material, and the compressive strength of the composite material is 3 or above times that of the graphite foam material. The high-heat conduction graphite foam/carbon composite material has greatly lower preparation cost and greatly shortened period than high-heat conduction carbon/carbon composite materials.