The invention discloses a high-strength anti-wear copper-based composite material and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the field of anti-wear copper-based composite materials. The method can be used for preparing anti-wear abrasion-resistant materials for machinery, the railway industry, the electromechanical industry and other industries. The material is specifically characterized in that copper serves as a base body, titanium and tin serve as adhesives, and carbon nano tubes serve as a reinforced phase. The preparation method includes the steps that copper alloy powder and the copper-plated carbon nano tubes are stirred and evenly mixed in a high-energy ball mill according to volume percentage; then cold isostatic pressing forming is adopted, and the mixture is pre-sintered in a vacuum sintering furnace; and finally, hot isostatic pressing high densified treatment is carried out, and the high-strength anti-wear copper-based composite material reinforced through the carbon nano tubes is obtained. The material and the preparation method have the advantages that the preparation technology is simple, environment pollution is avoided, the comprehensive performance of the material is excellent and stable and suitable for industrial production, and the obtained composite material can be used for preparing high-end electrical engineering contacts, electric brushes, pantograph sliding plates, electrodes, friction pairs and the like.