The invention discloses a drill hole radial three-dimensional imaging system. The system comprises probe equipment; the probe equipment comprises a radial circumferential signal transmitter, a positioning directional circular array receiving probe and a receiving and transmitting transducer connected in sequence; the radial circumferential signal transmitter transmits sound wave signals with the drill hole as the axis; the positioning directional circular array receiving probe receives geological reflection wave information around the drill hole according to a full array mode with the drill hole as the axis; the receiving and transmitting transducer is used for providing receiving and transmitting transduction for the radial circumferential signal transmitter and the positioning directional circular array receiving probe; probe control equipment controls to put the probe equipment to the drill hole and adjust the position of the positioning directional circular array receiving probe; and host equipment receives the geological reflection wave information around the drill hole transmitted by the probe equipment and builds three-dimensional imaging according to the geological reflection wave information around the drill hole. Three-dimensional imaging on the geological condition around the drill hole can be realized.