A system and method for aircraft docking guidance and aircraft type identification. The method is executed in the system for aircraft docking guidance and aircraft type identification comprising a machine vision sub-system, a laser scanning sub-system and a merging module. The method comprises: step 1000, the machine vision sub-system obtains an image via image capturing means, and calculates a first aircraft front wheel position therefrom; step 2000, the laser scanning sub-system obtains the position of the nose of an aircraft via laser scanning means, and extrapolates a second aircraft front wheel position; step 3000, the first aircraft front wheel position and the second aircraft front wheel position are merged according to a merging rule, and an aircraft front wheel deviation is obtained.