The invention discloses a robust adaptive optimal control-based pilot manipulation behavior description method. The method includes the following steps that: an ROCM model is constructed to augment a controlled object; the index function and model parameters of the ROCM model are determined; pilot optimal control gain is calculated; equation discretization is controlled; robust adaptive state estimation is carried out; unmodeled dynamic estimation is carried out; the pilot optimal control gain is corrected; and pilot manipulation vectors are solved. According to the robust adaptive optimal control-based pilot control behavior description method of the invention, characteristics of memory finiteness and high adaptation of human beings are combined, an improved manipulation noise and observation noise model is adopted, robust adaptive filtering theories are introduced, and therefore, the shortcomings of a traditional pilot model can be overcome, and characteristics of human beings such as memory finiteness, unknown environment adaptability, manipulating behavior robustness and coupled manipulation can be embodied.