The invention discloses a badminton robot and a whole-field positioning method thereof. The robot includes a trajectory acquisition device for acquiring the movement trajectories of a badminton in the air and outputting trajectory information, a control device for receiving the trajectory information outputted by the trajectory acquisition device and controlling the robot to move to the movement direction of the badminton in a predetermined site according to the trajectory information, a badminton racket control device which is arranged on the body of the robot and is used for controlling a badminton racket to move on the body of the robot to receive or serve the badminton when the robot moves to a preset position range of a badminton falling point and stops moving under the control of the control device. With the badminton robot and the whole-field positioning method thereof of the invention adopted, accurate positioning of the badminton robot in a playing field can be realized, and therefore, accurate badminton receiving or serving can be realized.