The invention discloses a quality detecting method for a track panel. The quality detecting method for the track panel comprises the following steps of erecting a total station within a central line range of the track panel to be detected; establishing communication between the total station and a computer; respectively mounting detecting prisms in to-be-detected positions on the track panel to be detected; aligning a measuring head of the total station to one detecting prism and operating the computer to control the total station to measure the detecting prism; exerting the total station to automatically measure the rest detecting prisms and obtaining a measuring result; and comparing the measuring results with standard track panel quality parameters and judging whether the quality of the track panel is standard or not according to a preset condition. According to the invention, through linkage between the total station and the computer, the total station can automatically measure the rest positions to be detected only by manually aligning the total station to the first detecting prism. Compared with the prior art, the invention is advantaged in that influences caused by manual interventions are reduced, the automatic degree of the quality detecting method is greatly enhanced, and the data detecting accuracy is improved. The invention further discloses a quality detecting system for the track panel. The advantages of the system are as described above.