The invention provides a novel air-ground dual-purpose wheel system, and particularly relates to an air-ground dual-purpose wheel assembly device. The wheel system can have two working states of driving on the ground and flying in the air. In the state of driving on the ground, an outer wheel is in the state of being particular to the ground, and a driving motor in a transmission case module drives the outer wheel to rotate through transmission case gears to achieve the function of driving on the ground; in the state of flying in air, the outer wheel can be adjusted into the state of being parallel to the ground by a configuration transforming module, and at the moment, a flying motor of a dual-purpose wheel module works to drive a propeller to rotate so as to achieve the function of flying in the air. The novel air-ground dual-purpose wheel system has the advantages of being simple and compact in structure, convenient to assemble and disassemble, and capable of transforming configurations of driving on the ground and flying in the air of a small vehicle.