The invention relates to the technical field of pneumatic pressure field high-precision measurement, and particularly discloses a real-time high-precision acquiring method for a conical surface pneumatic pressure field. The real-time high-precision acquiring method comprises the steps of 1, establishing a high-precision nose cone section surface and a pressure measuring hole structure model and a pressure measuring model; 2, acquiring surface pressure field data of aircrafts with different heights, different Mach numbers, different angles-of-attack and different sideslip angle states; 3, acquiring high-precision pressure data of a 1:1 nose cone section surface and the pressure measuring hole through air blowing in wind tunnel testing; 4, performing conversion on the surface pressure field data of the aircraft and the high-precision pressure measuring data in air blowing in wind tunnel testing for obtaining a different-state high-precision reference pressure database; and 5, performing difference comparison on a real-time measured pressure and a reference pressure database, eliminating abnormal pressures, thereby supplying reliable high-precision pressure distribution data for solving atmospheric parameters. The method settles a problem of high-precision measurement for the pneumatic pressure field. In a range in which flight height is 0-20km, the Mach number is 2-4Ma, and the angle-of-attack is -12-+12 DEG, high data acquisition precision of the pressure field is realized, and pressure deviation is smaller than +/-300 Pa.