The invention discloses a tail gas purification device for an underground diesel trackless rubber-wheeled vehicle. The tail gas purification device comprises an exhaust inlet which is connected with an exhaust port of the underground diesel trackless rubber-wheeled vehicle, and an exhaust outlet used for discharging tail gas, wherein an oxidation catalyst and a particulate filter are communicated between the exhaust inlet and the exhaust outlet; the particulate filter is detachably connected with the oxidation catalyst; and the particulate filter is detachably connected with the exhaust outlet or the exhaust inlet as well. According to the tail gas purification device provided by the invention, the particles in the tail gas discharged by the underground diesel trackless rubber-wheeled vehicle are deposited through utilizing the particulate filter, and the hydrocarbon in the tail gas is catalyzed through utilizing the oxidation catalyst, so that the contents of carbon and hydrogen in the tail gas are decreased, the tail gas of the underground diesel trackless rubber-wheeled vehicle is purified, the quality of underground air is effectively improved, and the working environment of workers is remarkably improved. The invention further discloses the underground diesel trackless rubber-wheeled vehicle with the tail gas purification device.