A device for 360-degree observation of a cell factory belongs to the technical field of automation control, and is disclosed in order to solve the problem that the condition of cells grown against the wall at the bottom of each culture lamination cannot be observed in a direct and comprehensive way in the prior art. An observation unit of the device comprises a base, a linear guide rail II, an annular support, an annular guide rail, a linear guide rail I, a microscopic lens, and a CCD camera, wherein the linear guide rail II is arranged vertically and fixed on the base, the annular support is arranged horizontally and fixed on the slider of the linear guide rail II, the annular guide rail is fixed on the annular support, the linear guide rail I is fixed on the slider of the annular guide rail and passes through the center of the annular guide rail, the microscopic lens is fixed on the slider of the linear guide rail I, and the CCD camera is fixed on the microscopic lens. A loading and unloading unit comprises a support and a bottom plate. The two sidewalls of the support and the two sidewalls of the bottom plate constitute two sets of parallelogram mechanisms. The bottom plate and the base are fixedly connected. Transfer of a cell factory is realized through the loading and unloading unit.