The invention discloses a strain gauge for monitoring a pavement structure. The strain gauge comprises a first resistance foil gauge, a bearing plate, a left bearing base and a right bearing base, wherein the bearing plate, the left bearing base and the right bearing base are made by bending two ends of a steel spring plate towards opposite directions by 90 degrees, a temperature correction plate is arranged on the side portion of the right bearing base and made of a same material with the bearing plate, the first resistance foil gauge is arranged on the bearing plate, a second resistance foil gauge is arranged on the temperature correction plate, the bearing plate, the temperature correction plate, the first resistance foil gauge and the second resistance foil gauge are wrapped up by a rubber layer, and the end portions of the left bearing base and the right bearing base extend out of the rubber layer. The strain gauge effectively eliminates error caused by temperature. The strain gauge has the advantages of simple structure, strong connection, stable performance and good anti-destructive performance.