The invention belongs to the field of radar maneuvering target tracking, and discloses a variable structure interacting multiple model radar maneuvering target tracking method based on posterior probability. The method comprises the steps that a radar observation value is initialized so that an initial state vector and an initial covariance matrix are obtained; initial angular speed is selected, and the state transfer matrix of motion models is determined; initial prior probability and an initial model probability transfer matrix are assumed by the number of the motion models; interacting multiple model filtering is performed so that a state estimation vector and an estimation covariance matrix are obtained, and the posterior probability of the models is also obtained; the angular speed, i.e. the multi-model structure, is adjusted through the posterior probability of the models by utilizing the ideal of the variable structure and the graph theory; and the model probability transfer matrix is adjusted through the posterior probability of the models until tracking is completed. The method is great in tracking performance and low in computing burden and can be used for tracking of a high-speed strong maneuvering target.