The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion battery anode materials, in particular to a germanium dioxide/graphene composite. The composite is formed by wrapping germanium dioxide submicron particles by graphene nanosheets, and the diameter of the germanium dioxide submicron particles ranges from 400 nm to 900 nm. Germanium dioxide powder and graphene oxide are dissolved in distilled water together, then water is completely evaporated at the temperature of 25 DEG C to 45 DEG C, the powder obtained after evaporation is calcined in an air atmosphere for 1-3 h at the temperature of 200 DEG C to 300 DEG C, and the composite is obtained. The prepared germanium dioxide/graphene composite is used as a lithium ion battery anode material and has high charge and discharge specific capacity, good circulating stability and fast charge and discharge performance, the preparation method is simple, pollution is avoided, the reaction temperature is low, the obtained product is high in purity, and no by-product is generated.