The invention relates to the field of coal tar processing, and discloses a hydrogenation preprocessing method for a coal tar raw material. The method is implemented in a reaction system comprising a first prehydrogenation reaction region and a second prehydrogenation reaction region and includes the steps that 1, the coal tar raw material to be preprocessed is sequentially degassed and dehydrated to obtain the dehydrated coal tar raw material, wherein the content of dissolved oxygen in the dehydrated coal tar raw material is smaller than 1 microliter/liter, and the content of water is smaller than 500 microgram/gram; 2, in the presence of hydrogen, the dehydrated coal tar raw material sequentially enters the first prehydrogenation reaction region and the second prehydrogenation reaction region. When the method is adopted to process coal tar, the use ratio of a hydrogenation protecting catalyst in the coal tar processing technical process can be remarkably increased, and the method has the advantages of low energy consumption, the simple technology, a long device operation cycle, the high product yield and good characteristics.