The invention discloses a music detection and recognition method. The method comprises the following steps: 1, acquiring a music signal and extracting corresponding music score information; 2, designing a flow-pass filter with the combination of the music score information, and implementing low-pass filtering after half-wave rectification to obtain an envelope of a music signal, so as to primarily segment a note; 3, matching each segmented music with a music score according to high and low channels, using a harmonic peak value ranking comparison method after implementing low-pass filtering on the signal, using a fundamental frequency peak value ranking comparison method after implementing high-pass filtering, combining match results of two channels to obtain a match result of the ith music signal and the jth row of a music score key matrix; 4, comparing for multiple times to finally obtain a playing right-wrong result of each music event of each piano player. The music detection and recognition method judges whether the playing of each music event in the played music is wrong or right, so as to be favorable for improving the quality of music teaching.