The invention discloses a non-circular gear-bevel gear pot seedling Z-shaped wide/narrow row transplanting mechanism. At present, the rice Z-shaped wide/narrow row mechanical transplantation is generally realized through staggered arrangement and inclined installation of two sets of equal-line-distance transplanting mechanisms. The transplantation of the two rows of seedlings can be realized by the single-side mechanism; the space transplanting tracks can be realized through the gear sets with the space transmission characteristics; the vertical degree of the seedlings is ensured; the composite wheel system is a two-freedom mechanism; a circular gear or a non-circular gear with the fixed transmission ratio is used in a transmission box; the combination of the non-circular gear and the staggered bevel gears is used in a gear box; a transplanting arm realizes the differential rotation through the two power input parts of the transmission box and the center non-circular gear; through the differential rotation, the free transmission ratio is obtained on the basis of variable-speed transmission characteristics and space transmission characteristics, so that the complicated direct clamping seedling type large annular buckle space 8-shaped tracks can be realized.