The invention relates to a hydraulic control system and a paver. The hydraulic control system is used for controlling the floating and hydraulic assistance power of an execution unit. The hydraulic control system comprises a proportional pressure reducing valve, a throttle speed adjusting unit and a first reversing valve. When the execution unit is in a floating state, two working oil cavities of the execution unit communicate with each other through the first reversing valve, and a pressure oil path supplements the two working oil cavities of the execution unit by oil through the proportional pressure reducing valve. When the execution unit needs hydraulic assistance power, the two working oil cavities of the execution unit are disconnected through the first reversing valve, and the pressure oil path supplies oil to the working oil cavity communicating with a first working oil opening through the proportional pressure reducing valve. The proportional pressure reducing valve in the hydraulic control system plays a role in oil supplementing and a role in proportional pressure adjusting when the execution unit is under the floating working condition and the hydraulic assistance power working condition, the situation that one valve has two purposes is achieved, and the hydraulic system is simplified.