The invention discloses a rail transit vehicle-mounted electrochemical capacitance system. The system is arranged in a rail transit train, and comprises a combined cabinet, and a high voltage box. The combined cabinet is formed by stacking multiple laminated drawers. A row of electromechanical capacitance standard modules are longitudinally arranged in each laminated drawer. The high voltage box is fixed at the top of the combined cabinet. The laminated drawers are electrically connected with each other and then connected with a main network through the high voltage box for energy recycling. The system is advantageous in that vehicle-mounted space is limited and has vibration and impacting requirements, so the system is compact in structure, space can be reduced and intensity is improved.