The invention provides a railway vehicle and an air suspension protection device thereof. The air suspension protection device comprises a regulating device and a supporting device; the regulating device comprises a regulating airbag communicating to a suspension airbag, and the air pressure in the regulating airbag and the air pressure in the suspension airbag are equal or are in a fixed ratio so that the regulating airbag and the suspension airbag are synchronously inflated and deflated; and the supporting device is connected to the regulating device so as to be moved in or out of a supporting space between a frame and an air suspension system through the inflation and deflation of the regulating airbag. Due to the adoption of the air pressure linkage design that the air pressure in the regulating airbag and the air pressure in the suspension airbag are equal or are in a certain ratio, the vehicle can be still normally driven because the frame cannot be in direct contact with the air suspension system when the railway vehicle provided with the air suspension protection device suffers from the condition of damage or air leakage of the suspension airbag in a driving process, so that safety accidents are avoided.