The invention discloses an apparatus for observing soil impact discharge characteristics of ground rods and method thereof. The apparatus comprises a backflow electrode and a test ground rod. The backflow electrode adopts a coaxial metal cylinder structure. The backflow electrode is divided into three sections: the two ends are symmetrically arranged with equal pressure segments, and the middle straight wire segment is a test section; the equal pressure segments comprises an equal pressure ring, one fourth arc segment and an equal pressure wire segment which are connected in turn. The equal pressure wire segment and the test segment are separated from an insulated cylinder. At the center of the backflow electrode is arranged with the test ground rod. The soil was filled between the test rod and the backflow electrode. The equal pressure segment and the test segment are mutually connected by a ground wire and are connected to ground by the ground wire. The high voltage output terminal of the lightning impulse generator is connected to the grounding rod of the test case and the low voltage output is connected to the ground wire of the return electrode. The apparatus for observing soil impact discharge characteristics of ground rods can obtain the voltage and current relation of the soil central wire-neutral plate discharge, and is used to evaluate the discharge characteristics of the soil around the grounding conductor, and guide the construction of the grounding project.