The invention relates to a method for recycling lead and zinc from sulfate slag containing lead and zinc through reinforcing sulfuration-flotation, and belongs to the technical field of dressing and smelting. Firstly, sulfate slag containing lead and zinc is subjected to drying and dehydration, then a reducing agent and a vulcanized agent are added correspondingly and simultaneously, and composite roasting is conducted for 0.5 h-3 h at the temperature of 500 DEG C-1000 DEG C; and nitrogen or argon are led as protective gas after composite roasting finishes, slow cooling is conducted at the speed of 100 DEG C/h-350 DEG C/h until the temperature drops below 150 DEG C, then water-quenched slag is obtained through water quenching, after the water-quenched slag is subjected to ore grinding and classification, materials smaller than 75 [mu]m are subjected to flotation separation, and flotation concentrate is obtained. The method is a joint processing method for recycling lead and zinc through sulfate slag containing lead and zinc reinforcing and sulfuration, sulfide material grinding and flotation.