The invention discloses a vehicle turning circle track test system and method used for testing the turning circle passing of an automobile, a trailer, and an automobile train. A rotatable column is arranged, and an angle sensor, a distance measurement sensor and an image acquisition device are fixed to the column and are connected to a computer. A vehicle to be tested is provided with an image and/or distance collection mark, a distance measurement sensor mark position or an initial distance between a vehicle wheel shaft head and a wheel edge in a turning circle are recorded and are used for computer software data correction. In a test, the vehicle to be tested walks along the periphery of the turning circle, the image acquisition device acquires the mark on the vehicle in many times circularly, the angle and distance of the mark are synchronously measured in each time, then all angle and distance data are fitted, the track of the mark is formed, and the diameter of the turning circle is calculated. The system and the method have the advantages of simple operation and a small error, a track is formed in the computer, and the environment is not polluted during a collection process.