The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle target position locking and tracking device and a method thereof and belongs to the unmanned aerial vehicle control field. The device comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle platform, an airborne image processing computer, an image acquisition camera and an LED lamp band. In the invention, a geometric figure LED lamp band possessing an orientation characteristic is installed at a target position; an unmanned aerial vehicle carries the image acquisition camera and the airborne image processing computer; characteristic extraction and center of gravity and proportion calculating are performed on an image collected by the image acquisition camera so as to acquire relative heights and relative positions of the unmanned aerial vehicle and a target orientation; and the unmanned aerial vehicle can lock and track a specific target, and accurate autonomous rising and landing and other functions are realized. The unmanned aerial vehicle is not influenced by an extraneous environment and can realize accurate target position locking and tracking; an indoor accurate controlled autonomous landing function is realized; and a technical scheme and equipment are simple; a target position is locked accurately and a size is small; and power consumption is low, and the device and the method are convenient and practical.