The application discloses an image error correcting method and apparatus of a glass-free three-dimensional display, wherein the glass-free three-dimensional display includes a flat panel display and a grating which is installed on the surface of the flat panel display. The method comprises the following steps: controlling the flat panel display to display stripe images; calculating the grating parameter of the glass-free three-dimensional display based on shot stripe images, wherein the shot stripe images are displayed images after the stripe images displayed by the flat panel display pass through the grating; and a stereoscopic image displayed by the glass-free three-dimensional display is corrected according to the calculated grating parameter. The present application improves the quality of the stereoscopic image displayed by the glass-free three-dimensional display and improves the comfort level of the user viewing the stereoscopic image.