The invention relates to a vibration and resistance reduction reciprocating cutter for multi-row harvesting of large-spacing crops. The cutter comprises movable cutter bodies, fixed cutter bodies, a fixed cutter rod, a movable cutter rod, a fixed cutter rod beam and a blade pressing device; multiple sets of fixed cutter bodies are uniformly arranged on the fixed cutter rod at intervals; a set of movable cutter bodies is installed on the position, corresponding to each set of fixed cutter bodies, of the movable cutter rod; the number of the fixed cutter body sets is equal to that of the movable cutter body sets, and the number of fixed blades in each set of fixed cutter bodies is equal to that of movable blades in each set of movable cutter bodies; the blade pressing device is fixed to the fixed cutter rod beam; the fixed cutter rod beam can be movably clamped with the movable cutter rod together through the blade pressing device; the movable cutter rod can do reciprocating movement forth and back along the fixed cutter rod beam; the distance between each set of fixed cutter bodies and each set of movable cutter bodies is equal to the planting row spacing of the crops. Compared with existing standard reciprocating cutters, by the adoption of the vibration and resistance reduction reciprocating cutter for multi-row harvesting of the large-spacing crops, the inertia force caused by the reciprocating movement of the movable cutter bodies and the friction between the movable cutter bodies and the fixed cutter bodies can be reduced, and the vibration generated by the cutter on a cutting table body is reduced; the distance can be adjusted, the cutter can be suitable for cutting and harvesting of different crop rows, and multi-row harvesting and cutting can be conducted at the same time.