An automatic temperature rise control device for a crankshaft and bearing bushes of a mechanical press comprises a machine body, the crankshaft, a first supporting sleeve, a second supporting sleeve, a connecting rod cover, a connecting rod, a first shaft end bearing bush, a second shaft end bearing bush and a connecting rod bush; an air circuit temperature control system and a temperature detection and control system are arranged on the machine body; the air circuit temperature control system comprises an air cooling machine arranged on the machine body; the air cooling machine is connected with an air distributor; the air distributor communicates with spiral grooves formed in inner walls of the first supporting sleeve, the second supporting sleeve, the connecting rod cover and the connecting rod through multiple air inlet pipes; the temperature detection and control system comprises a controller and multiple temperature sensors for detecting the temperatures of the first shaft end bearing bush, the second shaft end bearing bush and the connecting rod bush; the temperature sensors are connected with the controller through circuits; and the controller is connected with the air cooling machine through a circuit. The control device has the advantages that the working temperature of the bearing bushes is automatically controlled, the design clearance is reduced, the service life of the crankshaft and the service life of the bearing bushes are prolonged, the operation speed and precision of the crankshaft is improved, the production efficiency is high, the product quality is high, and the like.